07 October 2024 | 07:46 AM

The Nkandla documents

Key Takeaways

Documents obtained by amaBhungane lay bare how Jacob Zuma’s accession to the presidency set off an orgy of official grovelling that allowed the security upgrade at his private Nkandla homestead to balloon from a modest R27.8-million plan in 2009 to a projected total of about R270-million in October 2012. (See “Project railroaded from the start”)

July 2016: Attorney Ben Winks speaks to Stephen Grootes on what President Jacob Zuma should be liable to pay regarding his Nkandla upgrades. Listen to the full interview below.


The official expenditure as of June 2013 is R210 505 255 — but this does not appear to include bills still to be paid, including maintenance.

About 12 000 pages of public works department documents relating to Nkandla, known internally as Project A, were released to amaBhungane two weeks ago.

They were disclosed in response to an access to information request launched a year ago under the Promotion of Access to Information Act, apparently in a bid to head off a court hearing on the department’s initial refusal of the request. (See “Long battle to get hold of redacted documents”)

The documents represent the best approximation so far of the evidence available to the special public works task team appointed by Public Works Minister Thulas Nxesi last year to investigate the scandal.

The disclosures in the documents appear to make a mockery of the government’s attempt to keep its own investigation under wraps by classifying the team’s report top secret and referring it for discussion behind closed doors by the joint standing committee on intelligence.

In a letter to the National Assembly speaker, Max Sisulu, last month, Nxesi said the report on the Nkandla security upgrades had been classified top secret in terms of the minimum information security standards, making it exempt from disclosure.

The documents released by the department include a number that are marked “top secret”, but the classification appears to be designed more to protect the government and the president from embarrassment than to ensure security.

They include a remarkable March 2012 secret letter from Durban regional manager Kenneth Khanyile to his public works department bosses in Pretoria in which he calls for special tendering and auditing procedures for so-called “prestige projects”, which would shield them from public knowledge.

This was not only for security reasons, but also “because these projects are further targeted by journalists in an attempt to discredit the government in general”. (See “Secrecy obsessions betray political sensitivities”)

The documents also include fairly detailed, but unexceptional, information about the security measures at the Nkandla compound, despite amaBhungane excluding this data in the terms of its request.

In short, there is nothing in the Nkandla files that could not have been publicly disclosed, except that they paint an unedifying picture of how senior officials and politicians:

    • Scrambled to meet deadlines set by Zuma, taking short cuts on tendering processes;
    • Shifted money from other programmes to accommodate the unbudgeted spending;
    • Implemented the Nkandla project with few proper cost controls and no allocated budget or limit on spending;
    • Were mainly concerned with delivering to Zuma (referred to as “the principal”) at a speed and level of quality befitting a “prestige project”;
    • Were reluctant to allocate costs to Zuma, including for the building of a new cattle kraal, a plant nursery, a road network and other improvements that will benefit Zuma’s family long after he ceases to be president (See “Number One emerges a clear winner”); and
    • Paid out an underperforming contractor at least partly because threatened court action could cause “political fallout that could possibly influence the principal’s political position very negatively”.

Although the documents provide evidence that in some cases the contracts were poorly managed, there is not a great deal to support the allegations of “overcharging” apparently raised in the task team report.

But there are significant gaps — notably in relation to communication with directors general, ministers and deputy ministers and, crucially, Zuma — though the documents provide intriguing pointers that cast doubt on the president’s attempts to distance himself from the project and suggest that he played an important role in how the process unfolded. (See “What did the president know?”)

A definitive answer to this question will probably depend on the disclosure of more high-level, sensitive documentation. To this end, amaBhungane is likely to proceed to court as scheduled on November 5.

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Before joining the amaBhungane team in 2017, Micah was the national coordinator for media freedom and diversity at the Right2Know Campaign. He holds a Masters in African Studies from Oxford University and a BA Honours in History from Wits University.

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